Geospatial Analysis of Freight Transportation and Related Emissions: A Case Study in Java Island
Keywords:
Java, Geospatial, Freight, Transportation, EmissionAbstract
The application of geospatial data in transportation planning continues to expand. Geospatial data is typically utilized through software that requires the data to be well-organized and broadly accessible. The application of geospatial data in the transportation sector presents significant challenges in regions having limited data. Java Island is one of the most densely populated islands in the world. Consequently, the volume of freight transportation in the island is also high. However, freight transportation data for Java Island is not stored in a comprehensive data repository. The objectives of this study are sixfold. First, identifying province level data regarding rice commodity surpluses and deficits. Second, collecting data on rice surpluses and deficits at the regency/municipality level. Third, developing the spatial map of the road network on the island of Java. Fourth, creating spatial maps of rice surpluses and deficits for each regency/municipality. Fifth, estimating rice distribution patterns. Sixth, estimating CO₂ emissions for rice transportation using toll roads and national roads. The analysis identified the spatial patterns of rice distribution and estimated the volume of rice transported along the main interprovincial freight corridor on Java Island. Furthermore, the study estimated the CO₂ emissions associated with the rice transportation flows identified in the previous step. The use of toll road infrastructure could reduce annual CO₂ emissions from rice transportation between Jakarta and East Java by up to 11,772.5 tonnes. The commodity distribution pattern identified through geospatial analysis is largely consistent with that identified through field surveys conducted in a previous study. The findings demonstrate that geospatial analysis can effectively estimate freight distribution patterns. It can also preliminarily estimate CO₂ emissions and their changes resulting from transportation route and infrastructure modifications. Therefore, geospatial analysis can serve as an effective preliminary approach, in conjunction with field surveys or other transportation modelling techniques, for planning sustainable transportation infrastructure.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ahlan, Ika Arfita, M Rayan Zishan, Sri Anggina Harahap (Author)
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